水分對變壓器油紙絕緣系統老化速率的影響研究
汪旭旭
(國家電網有限公司特高壓建設分公司，北京 100032)
摘 要：油紙絕緣的老化進程在極大程度上會受到水分的影響，為精準研判水分對其老化速率的影響，在實驗室創造試驗所需材料和條件制備了 1%、2.5%、4% 3 種不同水分含量的試品，并對 3 種試品開展加速熱老化，且時間均控制為 0、10、20、30、40 天。在清晰掌握多種能夠反映油紙絕緣狀況特征參數的前提下選取聚合度來研判水分對油紙絕緣老化速率的影響。研究結果表明：隨著水分含量的增加，平均降解速率k 會增大，而且 k 的增速從 1% 增加至 2.5% 時明顯比從 2.5% 增加到 4% 時要大得多。該法為精準分析油紙受潮狀態，研判變壓器剩余運行時長提供了一定參照。
關鍵詞：變壓器；油紙絕緣；聚合度；水分；平均降解速率；增速
中圖分類號：TM411 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1007-3175(2021)07-0048-04
Research on the Influence of Moisture on the Aging Rate of
Transformer Oil-Paper Insulation System
WANG Xu-xu
（The UHV Construction Branch of State Grid Corporation, Beijing 100032, China）
Abstract: Aging process of oil-paper insulation is affected by moisture at a large extent. To estimate the effects of moisture on the aging rate of oil-paper insulation accurately, three kinds of samples with different moisture rates at 1%, 2.5% and 4% were performed for the thermal aging experiment over the period of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 days. In this research, the degree of polymerization was selected to analyze the effects of moisture on the aging rate of oil-paper insulation on the basis of that other parameters reflecting the situation of oil paper were in control. Finally, the results indicated that the average degradation rate named as k increases with the water content increasing, and the growth of k with the moisture rate at 1% to 2.5% is much higher than that with the moisture rate at 2.5% to 4%. Lastly, the conclusion provides some reference for estimating the remaining operation time of transformers according to the oil-paper damped states.
Key words: transformer; oil-paper insulation; degree of polymerization; moisture; average degradation rate; growth rate
參考文獻
[1] 廖瑞金，郭沛，周年榮，等. 水分和老化對油浸絕緣紙溫度介電譜和活化能的影響[J] . 高電壓技術，2014，40(5) ：1407-1415.
[2] 周利軍，李先浪，王東陽，等. 不均勻老化油紙絕緣穩態水分分布的頻域介電譜[J] . 高電壓技術，2015，41(6) ：1951-1958.
[3] 文華，馬志欽，王耀龍，等. 變壓器油紙絕緣頻域介電譜特性的 XY 模型仿真及試驗研究[J]. 高電壓技術，2012，38(8) ：1956-1964.
[4] 廖瑞金，馮運，楊麗君，等. 油紙絕緣老化特征產物生成速率研究[J] . 中國電機工程學報，2008，28(10) ：142-147.
[5] 廖瑞金，馬志欽，郝建，等. 水分對變壓器油和絕緣紙頻域介電譜特性的影響[J] . 高電壓技術，2010，36(12) ：2869-2875.
[6] ITAHASHI S, MITSUI H, SATO T, et al.State of water in hydrocarbon liquids and its effect on conductivity[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation，1995，2(6) ：1117-1122.
[7] DU Y, ZAHN M, LESIEUTRE B C, et al.Moisture equilibrium in transformerpaper - oil systems [J] . IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine，1999，15(1) ：11-20.
[8] 王有元，高竣，劉捷豐，等. 變壓器油紙絕緣老化與水分含量評估頻域介電特征量[J] . 電工技術學報，2015，30(22) ：215-221.
[9] 畢鵬翔，張文元，秦少臻，等. 變壓器固體絕緣狀況的監測方法[J] . 高電壓技術，2000，26(3) ：47-51.
[10] 劉捷豐. 基于介電特征量分析的變壓器油紙絕緣老化狀態評估研究[D]. 重慶：重慶大學，2015.
[11] BURTON P J, CARBALLEIRA M, FULLER C W.Application of liquid chromatography to the analysis of electrical insulating materials[C]//Interational Conference on Large High Voltage Electric Systems，1988.
[12] EMSLEY A M, STEVENS G C.Review of chemical indicators of degradation of cellulosic electrical paper insulation in oil-filled transformers[J].IEE Proceedings–Science,Measurement Technology，1994，141(5) ：324-334.
[13] ZAENGL W S.Dielectric spectroscopy in time and frequency domain for power equipmenttheoretical considerations[J].IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine，2003，19(5) ：5-19.
[14] LINHJELL D, LUNDGAARD L, GAFVERT U.Dielectric response of mineral oil impregnated cellulose and the impact of aging[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 2007，14(1) ：156-169.
[15] 廖瑞金，孫會剛，尹建國，等. 水分對油紙絕緣熱老化速率及熱老化特征參量的影響[J] . 電工技術學報，2012，27(5) ：34-42.
